The 28 Filipino alphabets are basically in English with the addition of ng and ñ. There are five vowels and 23 consonants. The alphabets are consist of the original 20 Abakada (Tagalog alphabets) and 8 Spanish letters (C, F, J, Ñ, Q, V, X and Z), which are mainly used for proper names and Chabacano, a Spanish derived-creole dialect in Zamboanga and Cavite.

a – is read as “a” in apple
e – is read as “e” in egg
i – is read as “i” in igloo
o – is read as “o” in ostrich
u – is read as “u” in urban

Consonants

b – is read as “b” in bag
c – is read as “c” in center if placed before the vowels e and i; everywhere else it is read as k (usually used in proper names)
d – is read as “d” in dog but instead of the tongue touching the roof of the mouth behind the teeth, it should touch the teeth themselves.
f – is read as “f” in fat
g – is read as “g” in goat
h – is read as “h” in horse
j – is read as “h” like in jus sanguinis
k – is read as “k” in kit
l – is read as “l” in lamp
m – is read as “m” in man
n – is read as “n” in now
ñ – is read as eñe in años (Spanish)
ng – is read as “ng” in thing
p – is read as “p” in pan
q – is read as “q” in queen
r – is read as “r” in rat
s – is read as “s” in sat
t – is read as “t” in tap but instead of the tongue touching the roof of the mouth behind the teeth, it should touch the teeth themselves.
v – is read as “v” in van (usually used in proper names)
w – is read as “w” in wag
x – is read as “equis” like ks in extra on its own; it’s read as “j/h” when combined with other letters like Méjico (Mexico) (usually used in proper names)
y – is read as “y” in yoyo
z – is read as “z” in zap (usually used in proper names)

Additional Pronunciations